Spreading methods
Spreading techniques are among the simplest, oldest, and most widely applied methods of artificial recharge. Water spreading is applied in cases where the aquifer to be recharged is at or near to the ground surface. Recharge is achieved by infiltration through permeable material at the surface, which is managed to maintain infiltration rates. Most water spreading schemes use a system of ditches and banks, or pipes to convey water to the spreading area, and to control the spreading process.